A New Tale of Two Cities
by
Matt Giwer (c) 1995 <1/15>
There once were two cities. The inhabitants did not compete
among themselves or with the other city. The cities continued to
survive and grow and prosper.
There once were two cities. The inhabitants of the first
city did not compete among themselves or with the second city.
The inhabitants of the second city competed among themselves and
with the first city. Ultimately the first city fell to the
second city and adopted its competitive ways.
There once were two cities. The inhabitants of both cities
competing among themselves and with the other city. The first
city learned better means of competition and eventually the
second city adopted its new means of competition.
Three different scenarios. Note none of them make the
slighest difference to the survival of the population of both
cities. There is nothing essentially good or bad about any of
the three scenarios. They are simply different ways of life
Consider the situation starts with two noncompetitive cities
and one of them learns competition for whatever reason. In that
scenario the idea of competition will ultimately become the
dominant approach to life as the noncompetitive city will be
losing resources to the competitive one.
And from the third scenario it is clear that the most
competitive methods will eventually become dominant.
Now we know competition within a species and between species
is the natural order of things in this world. Certainly there
was no difference in our prehuman ancestors. They were certainly
competing with each other within their groups and between groups.
That such competition is the way things are in all of this world
and in humans is not something that should surprise us.
Nor should it surprise us when better means of competition
are discovered by the human mind they spread and are adopted by
others. This is simple observation. There is nothing
intrinsically good or evil about competition existing or better
means of competition developing. This is simply the way things
are.
What is surprising is the response one gets from changing
cities to nations and competition to war. That the better means
of war are adopted and spread and those that fail to adopt them
disappear from history should neither surprise anyone nor be a
source of condemnation by anyone. It should be equally apparent
that better means of conducting a war are not limited to battle
field tactics.
At some point in human history it must have become obvious
that better weapons resulted in more victories. Simply
converting from stone to metal had obvious social implications
such as the need for metalworkers, ways of making hotter fires,
more simply a wider range of technologies and the learning needed
to support them.
And if a nation wished to survive against those new weapons
and did not have the deposits of metal needed it had to develop
some other skill and the skills of trade to obtain metal. And
the more competitive the trading skills the better.
And one step further, if there were different forms of
social organization that could result in a greater chance of
winning a war then those would be adopted or the nation would
disappear from history. We have a hierarchal organizational
structure at all levels of our society and it mimics that of a
military system.
Consider war as we know it as opposed to the way we find it
expressed in primitive societies. They have rather ritualized
combat that is not designed to take over the other group but
rather to take something and leave the loser to produce what they
want again. Rather like a system of game management. But in
those cases there is a a direct benefit to those who get together
for the "war party."
Consider today we manage to get people to fight for the
benefit of their country, their way of life, whatever it is
called, with hardly the slightest promise of any benefit to
themselves. Yet nations are able to raise armies to fight other
armies. This in itself is an achievement.
Yet war is condemned while all of the benefits it has
brought to our society are cherished. The very concepts of
competition that result in both progress and war were around
before there were even mammals on the earth much less humans.
There are those who imagine it is possible to act against
everything that has lead to making us human in renouncing all
forms of competition. That is a reasonable as renouncing sight
or opposable thumbs and as impossible to achieve.
What appears to lead to this belief is the confusion between
the simplest of religious beliefs and reality, that they have
the slightest connection. Rather than realizing there is no
connection there is the belief that those ideas can be imposed
upon reality. And this is a fundamental error in religion.
Religions are intellectualizations of intragroup behavior.
They are the limits upon competition that are necessary for a
social group to survive be it animal or human. Even religions do
not venture into the area of nation to nation relations. Yet
those who would take these simplest of ideas describing
interpersonal relations then attempt to pretend they apply among
nations.
Some of the greatest theologians have addressed the idea of
a just war and beyond a few general ideas that never appear
applicable to a particular war they have come up empty.
Yet, there is a running presumption that war is in some
manner evil. In fact war is the natural outcome of the existence
of intelligent life on earth. It is a consequence of all life
and of our form of life. It is simply messier than most human
activities.