Education: Learning and Thinking
by
Matt Giwer (c) 1995 <4/11>
After literally years of day
in and day out discussions on the networks I have observed
different types of people who engage in the discussion of ideas.
It is worth discussing the types. It is instructive.
People from all walks of
life are on the networks. The only basic talent they share is
the ability to use a computer well enough to participate. Many
have been helped and claim they can do no more than turn it on
but at least they have gotten that far. That is the only
baseline.
In the old days it was
said that everyone would support motherhood, apple pie and the
flag. Today, motherhood is connected with abortion, the flag
with the Vietnam War and apple pie is fattening. Such is the
debate on the networks, it reflects the spectrum of opinion on
current matters in the country and the world.
Interesting discussions
do occur when people with differing opinions express the reasons
they hold those opinions. Acrimonious discussions occur when
only opinions are expressed without the reasons they are held.
Frustrating exchanges occur when one person gives the supporting
reasons for their opinions and the other person does not do so.
The means by which their
reasons are not given are myriad, from personal attack upon the
other, to saying some third party agrees with him, that his
opinions are self evident, or that it is not worthy of response.
There are other ways a person can give their excuse for not
giving their reasons. But they are covering up something.
A person giving that type
of response has no basis for their opinion. They are educated
but they do not think. They have learned the opinions of others
but they can not think for themselves. At some time in their
life they came to believe that memorizing the opinions of others
was the same as education. They never realized that knowing the
opinions of others was no more meritorious or useful than knowing
in 1492 Columbus sailed the ocean blue.
The thinking person has
considered the facts to the best of his ability and has come to
in independent conclusion based upon the tools of reason. The
tools of reason are most easily described by what they are not.
They are avoiding logical fallacies that so plague human thought.
The most common fallacy
used by those who have learned only facts and not to think is
that of appeal to authority. It does not matter if George
Washington, George Carlin or Jesus Christ said some words. A
person quoting them without understanding them and being able to
express the reasons for them is not thinking. It is a fallacy.
Citing an authority does not mean that a person can think or is
rationally responding.
Some people act as though
being able to cite what another person has said is sufficient to
prove a point. But they fail to ask how that person arrived at
their position. Why did he come to that opinion and why is it
worth quoting or even knowing?
What is it that convinced
these people that the simple recitation of facts and opinions
constitutes education? Where would new ideas ever come from were
this all there were to education? I have a lot more questions;
here are some answers.
The education system we
have was designed and planned to convince them that the mere
knowledge of facts is education. A knowledge of history is
defined by the knowledge of a thousand dates and the ideas of
others. One is educated in religion if one has memorized the
bible. One understands economics if one can recite the ideas of
others.
Education is thinking or
reasoning or having thoughts that are at least original to the
person having them. Education is learning to think. Do you
disagree?
Of what value is
education if it is only to deal with the past? If the future is
going to be different what is a knowledge of the past? Even with
the idea that history repeats, if people can not critically
analyze the past and the future for the similarities then of what
value the knowledge it does repeat?
[History does not repeat.
People have a tendency to fit disparate and vaguely related facts
into similar story lines. What is seen as repetition is merely
fitting the facts into the same story line.]
What is this idea that a
child needs to learn the basics first? From thinking will come a
learning of the basics. By rational refutation and teaching
reason itself there is time for a thousand errors along the way
from childhood to entering the world. But our system is not
geared to that.
Our system of education
is designed to prevent independent thought by rewarding rote
memorization. It drills into children that life is a set of
limited choices in yes/no tests and multiple choice tests.
The obvious alternative
is questions with essay answers but our "teachers" say they can
not evaluate them. That we have such incompetents as teachers
that can not evaluate the writings of children is telling in
itself.
But back to the point.
We have had this system of education for so long that adults who
can at least turn on a computer can not think for themselves.
When a supposed adult responds "everyone knows" it is obvious
they have never learned to think for themselves. When they cite
authority you know they have never learned to think for
themselves. When they give a quotation without being able to
defend it they obviously can not think for themselves.
And the networks are a
spectrum of the rest of the world. We see our politicians, the
best we have for social leaders, even some pretending to analysts
and commentators giving entire public addresses based upon
nothing of rational substance.
And yet some will
criticize them yet not be able to say why, only being able to
digress into a form of name calling or fallacy. In fact these
are so incapable of reason that when they are given reason and
rationale in return they can not recognize it as such and truly
believe reason and rationale is the same parroting they do.
That is the state of
intellectual inquiry and the ability to reason in this country
and apparently in the western world. Were it not so pervasive it
would be laughable. Unfortunately they are in the majority. It
is a strange world we have created when that excuse for not
thinking has become our ideal.